Monthly Archives: June 2016
Gutting environmental regulations for corporate profit
Letting them off easy

Irresponsible: “Those who have been working in the environment field will confirm that projects never pay up.” File photo of workers dismantling the temporary stadia erected for an Art of Living event on the Yamuna floodplains. Photo: Shanker Chakravarty
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF) has issued a draft notification seeking to amend the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of 2006, allowing those who violate this law to continue work with an Environment Supplement Plan (ESP). This is the first step towards killing the EIA process in India. This newly proposed notification, along with a few others that the Ministry has drafted in the recent months, exhibit the MoEF’s thinking about the environment. Unlike its controversial decision last week to slaughter 200 foraging Nilgai, an act that was captured on camera, this notification bears no other name on it except that of the Ministry.

Importance of EIA
The EIA process has its origins in the 1992 Rio Earth Summit where over 170 countries committed to balancing environmental concerns and economic needs. The EIA was a tool to do this. In India, it has been in place since 1994 and is also called the environment clearance process. It is the law that mandates that detailed studies be carried out before implementing projects that carry social risks and could damage the environment. The studies are discussed at public hearings before being evaluated by a set of identified experts who then recommend a decision to the Ministry or State government on the project.
Though implemented in breach, the EIA process has been the only official forum to bring to view the fact that land and water are not simply resources to be allocated to thermal power plants, ports, and mines. As more and more projects have been proposed on forests, common lands, coastal areas, and freshwater lakes over the years, citizens have brought to bear on this clearance process, values of aesthetics, attachment, sustenance, risk and trusteeship. Unsurprisingly, this complicates decision-making on big-ticket projects, and has earned this law many epithets such as ‘stumbling block’, ‘bottleneck’ and ‘green hurdle’. Political parties, irrespective of their ideological moorings, have failed to recognise its value, and the government no longer has any legitimacy or finesse to mediate these nuanced debates. As a result, cases have piled up in courts, especially at the National Green Tribunal (NGT) that was set up to look into complaints regarding the environment clearance process.
The Bharatiya Janata Party government declared when it came to power that it would simplify laws. Within months it set up the TSR Subramanian and Shailesh Nayak Committees. Their mandates included, among others, the revision of the EIA and Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) laws that deal with environmental approvals to large projects. While the Ministry was recently charged with deliberately withholding public disclosure on the CRZ review report, the TSR Committee report showed that this government’s term will be remembered for culling of a different sort.
An undue favour
In the newly proposed draft notification, the Ministry offers a way out to those who have violated environmental norms. It seeks to provide an ESP for projects that have already initiated construction activity and expansion before going through an EIA process. As a result, it seeks to repeat the trick that keeps all the political parties going: “regularising” corporate illegalities. While the amended notification aims to protect and improve the quality of the environment for which “the process should be such that it deters non-compliance and the pecuniary benefit of non-compliance, and damage to environment is adequately compensated for…”, it merely ends up providing illegally operating project developers an ESP as a license to violate.
The ESP will draw up an assessment and cost of damages which the project developer is expected to pay up. This sounds less like an environmental fine — an important component among a slew of mechanisms to deter projects from violating environmental norms — and more like a crude form of ‘pay and use’ service. If violations are routinely struck off the Ministry’s register upon payment of money, where is the Ministry’s own stated goal of sustainable development? Those who have been working in the environment field will confirm that projects never pay up. Take the case of the fine of Rs.200 crore on the Adani SEZ in Gujarat, or Rs.5 crore for the Art of Living event on the Yamuna floodplains. Even if one were to be more optimistic about these collections, the government’s ability to use these resources to restore the environment, or provide justice to scores of affected people, is severely lacking. The example of crores of rupees collected to compensate for forest loss, and the Comptroller and Auditor General’s damning report on how these monies have been spent, will help change one’s mind.
Shooting off the court’s shoulder
The Ministry states that this notification has its basis in two judgments, one by the NGT and the other by the Jharkhand High Court. It leads one to believe that this draft notification is not a product of government conviction but legal diktat. The more than 200-page long judgments show that the Ministry has either been deliberately misled or is being dangerously disingenuous. In a long case involving a mining project, the State government and the Central government, the Jharkhand High Court judgment observed that any “alleged violation” should be investigated separately from the approval process. Neither does the judgment condone EIA violations in general nor does it prescribe a way out of these for erring companies. The NGT judgment actually quashed two office memoranda dated 12/12/2012 and 24/6/2013 of this Ministry in which it had tried to do precisely what it is doing through this notification. The NGT had observed that the office memoranda “provide benefits to the class of the project or activity owners who have started construction in violation of law, i.e. prior environment clearance.” Environmental issues in India have been politicised by democratic ideals for good. By killing the EIA process, it is the government that will lose its claim to sustainable development. The choice is theirs to make.
Manju Menon and Kanchi Kohli are with the Centre for Policy Research-Namati Environment Justice Programme.
Statement Condemning the Persecution of Lawyers Collective and Indira Jaising and Anand Grover by Home Ministry, GoI
We, the undersigned, unequivocally condemn the efforts of the Ministry of Home Affairs to persecute the Lawyers Collective (LC), Indira Jaising and Anand Grover in order to obstruct the legal and human rights work being carried out by them.
We condemn the suspension of the FCRA registration of LC, as well as the mala fide and motivated manner in which the Ministry of Home Affairs, in a blatant violation of law, leaked the suspension notice to the press even before providing LC with a copy of the same.
There has been a systematic campaign and abuse of the legal process by the Central Government to malign Indira Jaising and Anand Grover as well as LC over the past six months. The suspension of LC’s FCRA registration is nothing but an escalation of the Government’s campaign to crush dissent and criminalise any person or organisation that questions or opposes the violation of fundamental rights and human rights by the State and its agencies.
The motivated campaign and actions against LC fit neatly into the present Government’s concerted campaign against marginalised and oppressed sections of society and any person, whether students, activists, academics or individuals who question the policies, actions and the abuse of power by the government.
Senior Advocates Indira Jaising and Anand Grover have an exceptional profile of public service, probity and personal and professional integrity as lawyers and as human rights activists. Their work has received global recognition.
Ms. Indira Jaising, has made an unparalleled contribution to law and jurisprudence on gender discrimination, whether relating to women’s right to property, sexual harassment at the workplace, domestic violence etc. She has also been a member of the CEDAW Committee. Anand Grover held the mandate of the UN Special Rapporteur on Right to Health between 2008 to 2014. He has made a tremendous contribution to the legal campaign against the criminalisation of homosexuality; rights of persons living with HIV; and access to medicine and healthcare. Ms. Jaising and Mr. Grover, through LC have and continue to advance the rights of the most vulnerable and marginalized sections of society, thereby upholding constitutional values. Instead of recognizing their invaluable contribution to the county and its people, the Government is making all efforts to obstruct their work.
Through the persecution and harassment of LC and Indira Jaising and Anand Grover, the present Government is sending a clear and chilling message to the citizens of this country that the inevitable consequence of questioning or criticising the present Government’s policies is repression and criminalisation.
LC has specifically and repeatedly countered and justified each of the bald allegations regarding misuse of funds that have been levelled by the MHA. However, the MHA has displayed an unusual vindictiveness by ignoring the official responses sent by LC and proceeding to suspend their FCRA registration.
The malafide and clear intention to malign and harass LC is evident from the fact that the MHA, in clear violation of procedure, allowed the notice of suspension of FCRA registration to be provided to the media before it was provided to LC, Ms. Jaising or Mr. Grover.
The MHA’s suspension of LC’s FCRA registration is based on the allegation that the FCRA has been violated on the following grounds:
- That the remuneration paid by LC to Ms. Jaising for certain services provided by her while she was also serving as a government servant (as the Additional Solicitor General of India) is a violation of the FCRA.
- LC in its response to the MHA has specifically stated that at this time Ms. Jaising was not a government servant.
- That the reimbursement of expenses for telephone and internet, incurred by Mr. Anand Grover while he was serving as the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Health were a violation of the FCRA.
- LC has denied the same and has specifically stated that the reimbursements pertained to expenses incurred for work done by Mr. Grover for LC itself.
- That LC has used funds it has received through the FCRA to organise dharnas and rallies which can be interpreted as political action in violation of the FCRA.
- This has been repeatedly denied by LC as being entirely false and baseless. LC has further stated that the only money it has spent on mobilizing communities was received from local sources or UN agencies, which is not illegal, moreover, the community mobilisation was restricted to organising people living with HIV/AIDS, which can be no means be considered a ‘political activity’
The allegations against LC are motivated, absurd and feeble, and display nothing but a desperate attempt by the Government and MHA to persecute persons who are able to challenge and highlight the egregious violation of human rights that the present Government is committing, condoning and is complicit in.
It is therefore no surprise that the targetting of LC and Ms. Jaising and Mr Grover began subsequent to their legal representation and intervention in certain cases. Ms. Jaising and Mr. Grover have legally challenged the discharge of BJP National President Mr. Amit Shah who was an accused in the fake encounter case of Sohrabuddin Sheikh, his wife Kausar Bi and Tulsiram Prajapati. Ms. Jaising has represented Priya Pillai who challenged the Central Government’s action of preventing her from attending a conference abroad and critiquing Government’s policies on allowing corporations to acquire and mine lands belonging to farmers and others. Mr. Grover had represented Yakub Memon in challenging the death sentence awarded to him before the Supreme Court.
We stand in solidarity with Indira Jaising, Anand Grover, and all their colleagues at LC.
We condemn all efforts to obstruct their work, and to harass and persecute them.
We are confident that LC, Indira Jaising and Anand Grover will not be deterred by the malicious and vindictive campaign unleashed by the Government and we are confident that they will continue to work to uphold Constitutionally guaranteed fundamental rights.
We appeal to all those who support the right to dissent, question and criticize anti-people policies of the government to express their solidarity.
In Solidarity,
Organisations/Institutions | |
1 | All India Blue Star Employees’ Federation |
2 | All India Democratic Women’s Association |
3 | All India Blue Star Employees’ Federation |
4 | Aman Biradari Trust |
5 | Amnesty International India |
6 | Association for Advocacy and Legal Initiatives (AALI) |
7 | Association for Promotion of Sustainable Development, Hisar |
8 | Banglar Manabadhikar Suraksha Manch (MASUM) |
9 | Beyond Beijing Committee |
10 | Borok Peoples’ Human Rights Organisation |
11 | Centre for Equity Studies |
12 | Centre for Human Rights and Development |
13 | Centre for Social Equity and Inclusion |
14 | Civil Society Forum on Human Rights |
15 | Community Legal Education Center |
16 | Deen Bandhu Sahayata Samiti (DBSS) |
17 | Delhi Forum |
18 | Evironment Support Group, Bangalore |
19 | Forum Against Oppression of Women |
20 | Gonggam Human Rights Law Foundation |
21 | Greenpeace India |
22 | HAQ Centre for Child Rights |
23 | Ideosync Media Combine |
24 | Indian Social Institute |
25 | INSAF – Indian Social Action Forum |
26 | Institute of Development Education, Action & Studies (IDEAS), Madurai |
27 | JEEVA, Karnataka |
28 | Kamani Employees’ Union |
29 | LABIA – A Queer Feminist LBT Collective, Mumbai |
30 | Law Life Culture, Bangladesh |
31 | Lok Manch |
32 | Mahan Sangarsh Samiti, Madhya Pradesh |
33 | Naga Peoples’ Movement for Human Rights |
34 | Nari Shakti Manch, Gurgaon |
35 | National Alliance Group for Denotifed and Nomadic Tribe (NAG – DNT) |
36 | National Commission for Justice and Peace |
37 | National Foundation for India |
38 | New Trade Union Initiative |
39 | NoMore Campaign |
40 | Peoples Union For Civil Liberties |
41 | People’s Watch |
42 | Programme Against Custodial Torture and Impunity (PACTI) |
43 | RTI Federation |
44 | Saheli Women’s Resource Centre |
45 | South Asian Network for Secularism and Democracy (SANSAD), Canada |
46 | South India Cell for Human Rights Education and Monitoring (SICHREM) |
47 | URO, Bhopal |
48 | Wada Na Todo Abhiyan |
49 | Women in Governance (WinG) |
50 | WSS (Women Against Sexual Violence and State Repressions) |
Individuals/Activists | ||||
1 | Aaditya Deskhmukh | Symbiosis Law School, Pune | ||
2 | Aakar Patel | Amnesty International India | ||
3 | Aarthi Pai | Lawyer, Bangalore | ||
4 | Abha Bhaiya | |||
5 | Achin Vanaik | |||
6 | Adikanda Singh | |||
7 | Adilur Rahman Khan | Odhikar | ||
8 | Aditya Nigam | Centre for Study of Developing Societies (CSDS) | ||
9 | Aditya Shrivastava | Support Cell for Civil Society Organisations | ||
10 | Ajay Bhardwaj | Documentary Filmmaker | ||
11 | Ajay Kumar VB | RIGHTS, Trivandrum | ||
12 | Ajaya Kumar Singh | |||
13 | Akhand | Human Rights Activist, Odisha | ||
14 | Akhila Vidyasandra | |||
15 | Aloysius | |||
16 | Amar Jesani | |||
17 | Amit Sengupta | Journalist | ||
18 | Amita Joseph | |||
19 | Amitabh Behar | National Foundation for India | ||
20 | Amrita Chhachhi | |||
21 | Amrita Johri | Satark Nagrik Sangathan | ||
22 | Amritra Sudan Chakrabortty | MANAB, West Bengal | ||
23 | Anand Lakhan | Deen Bandhu Sahayata Samiti (DBSS) | ||
24 | Anjali Alexander | |||
25 | Anjali Bhardwaj | Satark Nagrik Sangathan | ||
26 | Annie Raja | NFIW | ||
27 | Anubha Rajesh | Senior Manager | ICF International | |
28 | Anuradha Kapoor | |||
29 | Apoorvanand | University of Delhi | ||
30 | Arun Jindal | Society for Sustainable Development, Rajasthan | ||
31 | Aruna Burte | |||
32 | Aruna Roy | MKSS | ||
33 | Arundhati Dhuru | NAPM | ||
34 | Asad Zaidi | Three Essays Collective | ||
35 | Asha Singh | |||
36 | Ashish Kothari | Kalpavriksh, Pune | ||
37 | Ashok Agrwaal | |||
38 | Ashok Kumar Singh | South Asia Center for Bhojpuri Studies | ||
39 | Asim Sarode | Advocate | ||
40 | Asmita Basu | |||
41 | Avinash Kumar | |||
42 | Ayesha Kidwai | |||
43 | B.S. Ajeetha | Advocate, Chennai | ||
44 | Babloo Loitongbham | Human Rights Alert | ||
45 | Bela Bhatia | Activist | ||
46 | Bezwada Wilson | Safai Karamchari Andolan | ||
47 | Bharti Ali | HAQ Centre for Child Rights | ||
48 | Bharti Sharma | |||
49 | Bijoy Basant Patro | |||
50 | Bindu N Doddahatti | Advocate | ||
51 | Biplab Mukherjee | Banglar Manabadhikar Suraksha Manch (MASUM) | ||
52 | Biraj Patnaik | Centre for Equity Studies | ||
53 | Bizeth Banerjee | |||
54 | Brinelle D’Souza | TISS | ||
55 | C.P. Sujaya | |||
56 | Chayanika Shah | |||
57 | Chirashree Ghosh | Senior Manager | Mobile Creches | |
58 | D. Thankappan | Kamani Employees’ Union | ||
59 | D.W. Karuna | Researcher, Chennai | ||
60 | Deepa | SAMA | ||
61 | Deepa Venkatachallam | |||
62 | Denzil Fernandes SJ | Executive Director | Indian Social Institute | |
63 | Devika Singh | Mobile Creches | ||
64 | Dr. Ambrose Pinto SJ | Principal | St. Aloysius Degree College, Bangalore | |
65 | Dr. Aurobindo Ghose | Advocate | ||
66 | Dr. Gabriele Deitrich | Madurai | ||
67 | Dr. Gnana Prakasam | Executive Director | Centre for World Solidarity | |
68 | Dr. Goldy M. George | Chief Editor | Journal of People’s Studies | |
69 | Dr. Indira Hirway | Director and Professor of Economics | Centre for Development Alternatives, Ahmedabad | |
70 | Dr. J. Vincent Manoharan | Lawyer, Dalit Rights Defender | ||
71 | Dr. Jasveen Jairath | Water Sector Professional and Activist | ||
72 | Dr. Meena Dhanda | Reader in Philosophy and Cultural Polictics | ||
73 | Dr. Mira Shiva | |||
74 | Dr. Mohan Rao | Professor | Jawaharlal Nehru University | |
75 | Dr. Nandita Gandhi | Social Researcher and Activist, Mumbai | ||
76 | Dr. Nandita Shah | Women’s Rights Activist, Mumbai | ||
77 | Dr. Narendra Gupta | PRAYAS, Chittorgarh | ||
78 | Dr. Nimalka Fernando | President | IMADR | |
79 | Dr. Sandeep Pandey | |||
80 | Dr. Shakeel | Executive Director | Centre for Health and Resource Management | |
81 | Dr. Shilpa Phadke | Tata Institute of Social Sciences | ||
82 | Dr. Sophy K.J. | Assistant Professor | National Law University, Delhi | |
83 | Dr. Sunita Bandewar | Research Professional in Global Health and Bioethics, Pune | ||
84 | Dr. Vandana Prasad | |||
85 | Dr. Vikas Bajpai | Assistant Professor | Jawaharlal Nehru University | |
86 | Dr. Walter Fernandes | Senior Fellow | North Eastern Social Research Centre | |
87 | Dunu Roy | |||
88 | Enakshi Ganguly | HAQ Centre for Child Rights | ||
89 | Farah Naqvi | Writer and Activist | ||
90 | Fr. Cedric Prakash | Human Rights Activist | ||
91 | Gagan Sethi | |||
92 | Gautam Mody | General Secretary | New Trade Union Initiative | |
93 | Geetha Nambisan | Management Professional | ||
94 | Ghanshyam Shah | Retired Professor | Jawaharlal Nehru University | |
95 | Haris Azhar | KontraS, Indonesia | ||
96 | Harsh Jaitli | |||
97 | Harsh Kapoor | |||
98 | Harsh Mander | Aman Biradari | ||
99 | Hasina Khan | |||
100 | Hazel D’Lima | Nirmala Niketan, Mumbai | ||
101 | Hazim Rashid | |||
102 | Henri Tiphagne | Human Rights Defenders’ Alert – India | ||
103 | Indu Prakash Singh | National Convenor | National Forum for Housing Rights | |
104 | Ingrid Srinath | HIVOS India. | ||
105 | J. Moses | Secretary | YMCA | |
106 | Jagmati Sangwan | AIDWA | ||
107 | Jahnvi Andharia | |||
108 | James Dabhi | Research Director | Human Development and Research Centre, Ahmedabad | |
109 | Jashodhara Dasgupta | |||
110 | Javed Anand | Journalist and Human Rights Activist | ||
111 | Jaya Iyer | Zinda Dilli | ||
112 | Jayati Ghosh | Jawaharlal Nehru University | ||
113 | Jeevika Shiv | Advocate | ||
114 | Jitendra Chahar | |||
115 | John Dalton | Arogyam Agam | ||
116 | John Dayal | Activist and writer | ||
117 | John Harriss | Simon Fraser University, Canada | ||
118 | John Samuel | |||
119 | Joseph William | |||
120 | K Ashok Rao | |||
121 | K. Joshi | Human Rights Defender, Andhra Pradesh | ||
122 | Kabi S | |||
123 | Kabi Sherman | |||
124 | Kalyani Menon-Sen | Feminist Learning Partnerships | ||
125 | Kalyani Raj | |||
126 | Kamayani Bali Mahabal | Human Rights Activist, Mumbai | ||
127 | Karen Gabriel | |||
128 | Karthik Bittu | University of Hyderabad | ||
129 | Kavita Krishnan | All India Progressive Women’s Association (AIPWA) | ||
130 | Kavita Srivastava | PUCL | ||
131 | Kuldip Chand | |||
132 | Kumar John | Director | Social Watch, Chennai | |
133 | Kumar Kalanand Mani | Peaceful Society | ||
134 | Kumar Sundaram | IndiaResists.com | ||
135 | Lakshan Dias | Lawyer | Lakshan Dias Associates | |
136 | Lata Singh | Jawaharlal Nehru University | ||
137 | Lesley Esteves | LGBT Rights Activist | ||
138 | M. A. Patil | Vice President | New Trade Union Initiative | |
139 | M. Nizamudeen | CONFET | ||
140 | Madhu Sarin | |||
141 | Madhusree Dutta | |||
142 | Maitreyi Gupta | Women’s Rights Lawyer, Bangkok | ||
143 | Mallika Sarabhai | Social Activist | ||
144 | Mamta Borgoyary | CEO | FXB India Suraksha | |
145 | Mandeep Tiwana | Head of Policy and Research | CIVICUS World Alliance for Citizen Participation | |
146 | Manisha Gupte | Women’s Health Activist, Pune | ||
147 | Manisha Sethi | Jamia Teachers’ Solidarity Association | ||
148 | Manohar Elavarthi | Political Activist, Bangalore | ||
149 | Manoj Mitta | Journalist | ||
150 | Manu Alphonse | |||
151 | Mary E John | Professor | Centre for Women’s Development Studies | |
152 | Mathew Cherian | Chairman | VANI | |
153 | Maya Shanker | Sangini, New Delhi | ||
154 | Mazher Hussain | |||
155 | Meena Gopal | Tata Institute of Social Sciences | ||
156 | Meena Menon | |||
157 | Meena Seshu | Sangram | ||
158 | Meenakshi Ganguly | |||
159 | MG Devasahayam | |||
160 | Mira Shiva | |||
161 | Monica Sakhrani | |||
162 | Monisha Behal | |||
163 | Mridula Bajaj | |||
164 | Mujahid Nafees | |||
165 | Mukul Mangalik | Ramjas College, University of Delhi | ||
166 | N. D. Pancholi | PUCL | ||
167 | N. Vasudevan | President | New Trade Union Initiative | |
168 | N.D. Jayaprakash | |||
169 | Nafisa D’Souza | Executive Director | LAYA, Visakhapatnam | |
170 | Nalini Taneja | Delhi University | ||
171 | Nandan Maluste | |||
172 | Nandini Rao | |||
173 | Nandini Sundar | Delhi University | ||
174 | Nandita Narain | Associate Professor | St. Stephen’s College | |
175 | Navsharan Singh | |||
176 | Neelanjana Mukhia | |||
177 | Neelima Sharma | Theatre Person | ||
178 | Neeru Bhatnagar | Mobile Creches | ||
179 | Nikhil Dey | MKSS | ||
180 | Nina Rao | |||
181 | Nirmala Karunan | Greenpeace India | ||
182 | Nishit Kumar | CHILDLINE India Foundation | ||
183 | Niti Saxena | |||
184 | Nivedita Menon | Jawaharlal Nehru University | ||
185 | Ovais Sultan Khan | ANHAD | ||
186 | P. Joseph Victor Raj | HOPE, Puducherry | ||
187 | P.K. Vijayan | |||
188 | P.R. Ramesh | |||
189 | Padma Deosthali | CEHAT | ||
190 | Padmini Swaminathan | Professor | Tata Institute of Social Sciences | |
191 | Pamela Philipose | |||
192 | Pankaj Butalia | Filmmaker | ||
193 | Paul Divakar | National Campaign on Dalit Human Rights | ||
194 | Pawan Dhall | |||
195 | Poulomi Pal | |||
196 | Prabhat Patnaik | Economist and Political Commentator | ||
197 | Pradeep Baisakh | Social Activist and Independent Journalist | ||
198 | Pradeep Esteves | Developmental Activist | Context India | |
199 | Pradipta Nayak | IHRE, Odisha | ||
200 | Pramada Menon | |||
201 | Pramada Menon | |||
202 | Prasad Chacko | Director | Human Development and Research Centre, Ahmedabad | |
203 | Prathibha Sivasubramanian | |||
204 | Priya Pillai | Greenpeace India | ||
205 | Prof. Anuradha Chenoy | |||
206 | Prof. Kamal Mitra Chenoy | |||
207 | Prof. Kim, Yong-Bock | Chancellor | Asia Pacific Center for Integral Study of Life | |
208 | Purnima Upadhyay | Khoj, Melghat | ||
209 | Purwa Bharadwaj | |||
210 | Pushkar Raj | Writer | ||
211 | Pushpa Achanta | |||
212 | PVS Giridhar | Advocate, Chennai | ||
213 | R. Umamaheshwari | |||
214 | Radhika Desai | |||
215 | Raj Mahey | |||
216 | Rajalakshmi Sriram | Professor Emeritus | University of Baroda | |
217 | Rajendra Sail | Former President | PUCL Chhattisgarh | |
218 | Rakhi Sehgal | |||
219 | Ram Puniyani | All India Secular Forum | ||
220 | Rama Sarode | Advocate | ||
221 | Rama Srinivasan | |||
222 | Ridhima Mehra | |||
223 | Rita Manchanda | South Asia Forum for Human Rights | ||
224 | Rita Taku | ACR, Arunachal Pradesh | ||
225 | Ritambhara Mehta | Nazariya: A Queer Feminist Resource Group | ||
226 | Rituparna Borah | Nazariya: A Queer Feminist Resource Group | ||
227 | Roger Gaikwad | General Secretary | NCCI | |
228 | Rohit Prajapati | Activist, Gujarat | ||
229 | Roma | All India Union of Forest Working People | ||
230 | Roshni Nuggehalli | Yuva | ||
231 | Ruki Fernando | Human Rights Activist, Sri Lanka | ||
232 | Rupal Oza | Associate Professor | Hunter College, City University of New York | |
233 | S. Srinivasan | |||
234 | Sandhya Gokhale | |||
235 | Sandhya Srinivasan | Indian Journal of Medical Ethics | ||
236 | Sandipan Paul | |||
237 | Sandya Srinivasan | Indian Journal of Medical Ethics | ||
238 | Sarojini N. B. | |||
239 | Satish Deshpande | |||
240 | Satish Singh | Forum to Engage Men (FEM) | ||
241 | Seema Misra | |||
242 | Shabnam Hashmi |
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243 | Shamsul Islam | Academician | ||
244 | Shankar Singh | MKSS | ||
245 | Shantha Sinha | |||
246 | Sharad Behar | |||
247 | Sharmila Purkayastha | Miranda House | ||
248 | Shashi Sail | Chhattisgarh Mahila Jagriti Sangathan | ||
249 | Sister Carol Geeta | Sameeksha, Ajmer | ||
250 | Sister Superior | Sameeksha, Ajmer | ||
251 | Sreedharan Nair | Independent Consultant | ||
252 | Stalin K | Video Volunteers | ||
253 | Stan Swamy | |||
254 | Subash Mohapatra | Global Human Rights Communications | ||
255 | Subhash Mendhapurkar | SUTRA, Himachal Pradesh | ||
256 | Subhashini Ali | |||
257 | Sudeshna Sengupta | Mobile Creches | ||
258 | Sudhir Kumar Katiyar | Dakshini Rajasthan Majdoor Union | ||
259 | Suhas Kolhekar | Vikalpa Sangam | ||
260 | Suhasini Mulay | Actor | ||
261 | Sujata Ghotoskar | Researcher and Activist, Mumbai | ||
262 | Sujata Patel | President | Indian Sociological Society | |
263 | Sumitra Mishra | |||
264 | Suneeta Dhar | Activist | ||
265 | Suresh Bhat | |||
266 | Sushant Stanley | IRDWSI | ||
267 | Svati P. Shah | |||
268 | Swarna Rajagopalan | |||
269 | Syeda Hameed | |||
270 | Tanushree Gangopadhyay | |||
271 | Tapan Bose | |||
272 | Teesta Setalvad | Journalist and Human Rights Activist | ||
273 | Tenzing | |||
274 | Theo van Boven | Former UN Special Rapporteur on Torture | ||
275 | Thomas Pallithanam | People’s Action for Rural Awakening | ||
276 | Udaya Kalupathirana | Human Rights Activist, Sri Lanka | ||
277 | Ujjwala Mhatre | |||
278 | Uma Chakravarthi | |||
279 | Uma Chandru | |||
280 | Urvashi Butalia | |||
281 | V. Vasanthi Devi | Former Chairperson | Tamil Nadu State Commission for Women | |
282 | V.B. Chandrasekaran | Chatti Mahatma Gandhi Aashramam, Andhra Pradesh | ||
283 | Valay Singh | |||
284 | Vani Subramanian | Saheli Women’s Resource Centre | ||
285 | Veena Gowda | |||
286 | Veena Johari | Lawyer | ||
287 | Veena Shatrugna | Former Deputy Director | National Institute of Nutrition | |
288 | Venu Arora | Executive Director | Ideosync Media Combine | |
289 | Vidyasagar Ramamurthy | Retired | UNICEF | |
290 | Vijay Mandake | |||
291 | Vijayan MJ | General Secretary | Programme for Social Action | |
292 | Vikash Kumar | Consultant | Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) | |
293 | Vineet Tiwari | General Secretary | Madhya Pradesh Progressive Writers Association | |
294 | Vineeta Bal | Scientist | ||
295 | Virginia Saldanha | Indian Christian Women’s Movement. | ||
296 | Vrinda Grover | Advocate and Activist | ||
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298 | William Gomes | Journalist, UK | ||
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Training for Hinduva violence
Inside a far-right Hindu ‘self defence’ training camp
-
2 June 2016
- From the section India

A video showing some members of Hindu nationalist group Bajrang Dal receiving training in firearms recently went viral on Indian social media platforms. BBC Hindi’s Nitin Srivastava attends one of its training camps in northern Uttar Pradesh state.
It is an extremely hot afternoon in Siddharth Nagar district where around 100 teenagers armed with wooden sticks and knives are practising how to “decimate any attacker” in a large, fortified school campus.
Not very far from them, another group of around 50 youth are taking turns to squeeze past a ring of fire, some even getting bruised in the process.
Loud slogans of “Bharat Mata Ki Jai” (Long live mother India) reverberate as a dozen of them start performing dangerous tricks with fire.
About 100 guests, including women, who are watching the show from a distance, clap aggressively after every stunt.
‘Essential training’
Although the activities being conducted here are more in line with what you would find at an army training programme, organisers insist that this is a “self defence” camp for youth.
They are conducted by the Bajrang Dal, a militant Hindu organisation that traces its origins from the days of the infamous Babri Mosque demolition movement in the temple town of Ayodhya.
The mosque was torn down by Hindu groups in 1992, prompting nationwide rioting between Hindus and Muslims in which more than 2,000 people died.
“We want Hindus to be prepared for any eventuality. Of course, the threat from across the borders is significant but the situation within the country is no less,” Ambreesh Singh, a senior leader of the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), which is Bajrang Dal’s parent organisation, tells the BBC.

At least six week-long camps like this have been held in various cities across Uttar Pradesh in the past month. A team of trainers, who supervise these camps, say that this training is essential to ward off “the enemy”.
They refuse to define or name “the enemy” saying only that “anyone who suppresses Hindus is an enemy”.
VHP and Bajrang Dal leaders have often said that Indian democracy “needs to be run by Hindu values, though all communities are welcome to live in India”.
Men from the Hindu community only need to pay a fee of 100 rupees (£1; $1.50) to participate in these camps and receive self defence training.
Mobile phones are banned inside the camps, while exercises begin at 5am in the morning and end after the sunset, leaving the trainees fairly exhausted.

And it’s not just the men who are trained in “self defence”.
Durga Vahini, another unit of the VHP, organises similar camps for women. It recently conducted a training session in the holy city of Varanasi, which is the constituency of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
“Wielding the wooden stick is just not enough. I am keen to learn how a rifle gun is handled,” Sushma Sonkar, a woman trainee told the BBC.
It is this sentiment, coupled with videos of a recent training camp in Ayodhya, where some trainees are shown fighting against men dressed up as Muslims, that has resulted in public outcry against the camps.
Many feel that they are coercing young people towards violence, and are encouraging violence against minorities.
But organisers deny this.
“Consent of parents is the first step we take,” one of them tells the BBC.
‘Creating fear’
The VHP and Bajrang Dal have also denied knowledge of the training tactics used in the Ayodhya video, but India’s Muslim community has questioned the government’s decision to even allow such camps to go ahead.
“This is a deliberate attempt by the right-wing Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) and the state government to create fear among the Muslims of India. We will go to court against them,” Khaliq Ahmad Khan, a local Muslim leader said.

The leader of the camp in Ayodhya has been arrested on charges of hurting religious sentiments and spreading communal hatred.
But the governor of the state, Ram Naik, said that “self-defence was necessary and every citizen should be trained”.
After the recent outrage on social media, usage of light weapons seems to have been discreetly replaced by wooden guns, knives and sticks.
But the camps continue, with some leaders belonging to India’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) saying that they were not intended to promote disharmony against any particular community.
“What’s new about these camps? They have been organised each year for the past two decades. Even if some men were wearing headscarves or brandishing air guns, its was all just a drill’,” said Vinay Katiyar, a former Bajrang Dal leader who is now a BJP MP.